Derms say this this type of facial spray can help lessen the effects of eczema
If you struggle with dry or sensitive skin, an acid is probably the last type of ingredient you'd think about adding to your skincare routine. Many exfoliating acids can be harsh on sensitive types and may cause even more reactions.
Not hypochlorous acid, though.
This hero ingredient was originally used in medical settings for its powerful disinfectant properties, but in recent years, it’s made its way into the mainstream skincare products as formulators have discovered its ability to dramatically soothe a variety of skin ailments. These product pros say it can calm the inflammation from eczema, psoriasis, and rosacea, to name a few.
What exactly is hypochlorous acid, though? And how does it fit into your skincare routine? Ahead, everything you need to know about this anti-inflammatory MVP, with insight from board-certified dermatologists.
Meet the experts: Pooja Rambhia, MD, is a board-certified cosmetic dermatologist at UnionDerm in NYC. Robert Finney, MD, FAAD, is a board-certified dermatologist and founder of Soho Skin and Hair Restoration in NYC. Marisa Garshick, MD, FAAD, is a board-certified dermatologist at MDCS Dermatology: Medical Dermatology & Cosmetic Surgery in NYC.
What is hypochlorous acid?
Hypochlorous acid is a naturally-occurring compound that forms when chlorine dissolves in water. (Interesting, right?) It has potent antimicrobial properties, meaning it can effectively neutralize bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In the body, hypochlorous acid is produced by white blood cells as part of the immune response to help fend off infections.
When applied topically, hypochlorous acid helps maintain a clean and balanced environment on the skin, which can aid in supporting overall skin health as well as healing. For this reason, dermatologists may recommend using hypochlorous acid to manage wounds due to surgery. “Its gentle yet potent action makes it an indispensable tool for promoting skin health and treating various dermatologic conditions,” says New York-based dermatologist Pooja Rambhia, MD.
Speaking of which, it can be especially beneficial for those with inflammatory skin disorders. “In conditions like acne or rosacea where there may be more pro-inflammatory bacteria and other microbes, it can be helpful,” adds New York-based dermatologist Robert Finney, MD.
Is hypochlorous acid safe to use on the skin?
Yes! As Dr. Rambhia explains, “Hypochlorous acid is an effective yet mild antimicrobial agent that is well-tolerated by most skin types, including sensitive skin.” It’s extremely gentle and has a similar pH level to that of human skin, which minimizes the risk of irritation. “It’s commonly used in managing wounds, acne treatment, and as an effective disinfectant for pre-procedure skin prep,” she adds. Still, as with any skin care product, it’s always best to perform a patch test before applying it to a widespread area just in case you experience an adverse reaction.
Benefits of using hypochlorous acid
There are a variety of different benefits of hypochlorous acid for skin, from soothing irritation to speeding up wound-healing. More on that ahead:
It has antimicrobial properties: Helps to cleanse the skin by reducing bacteria, viruses, and fungi, which can prevent acne and other infections.
It supports wound-healing: Assists in accelerating the healing process of minor cuts, scrapes, and other skin injuries.
It reduces inflammation: Calms irritated skin and reduces redness, making it beneficial for conditions such as eczema and rosacea.
It balances skin pH: Maintains the natural pH balance of the skin, which can enhance overall skin health and resilience.
It hydrates skin: Provides a mild moisturizing effect, helping to keep the skin hydrated without feeling greasy.
Are there any side effects to using hypochlorous acid?
Hypochlorous acid is well-tolerated by most people, and serious side effects are rare. With that being said, mild irritation—particularly if used excessively—is not unheard of. To minimize any potential adverse reactions, it’s best to follow the product instructions and use it as directed. If any unusual redness, itching, or discomfort occurs, definitely discontinue use and consult a dermatologist if necessary.
“As with anything, too much of a good thing can be bad, and even hypochlorous acid can be irritating if you overdo it,” says Dr. Finney. “In theory, it’s killing microbes, some of which are supposed to be there, so you have to hope that your microbiome repopulates with healthy bacteria.”
How to use hypochlorous acid
“It can be used in various ways, and I often recommend it as an alternative to traditional toners, which may contain irritating fragrances, be costly, and lack active ingredients. After cleansing, I suggest patients use a hypochlorous acid spray in lieu of their "toning" step. This helps to eliminate microbes and provides anti-inflammatory effects. Once the solution has dried, patients should apply a moisturizer,” says Dr. Rambhia. “Additionally, it’s an excellent choice for post-workout use, especially if you don’t shower immediately, as it helps reduce bacterial load and prevent breakouts.”
New York-based dermatologist Marisa Garshick, MD. says you can use hypochlorous acid as needed throughout the day, up to three times daily, “depending on the condition being treated.” If you’re using a liquid solution that doesn’t come in a spray bottle, Dr. Garshick recommends applying it by gently dabbing it onto the skin using a cotton pad.
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