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Boeing’s beleaguered 737 MAX airliner is safe to return to service in Europe, the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) said today. The aircraft, which only launched in 2017, has been grounded for almost two years following two crashes that resulted in 346 fatalities. Lion Air Flight 610 crashed shortly after take-off from Jakarta in October 2018, while Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 came down in similar circumstances close to Addis Ababa airport the following March. A faulty flight-control system that forced down the nose of the plane was implicated in both accidents. Patrick Ky, EASA Executive Director, said: “We have every confidence that the aircraft is safe, which is the precondition for giving our approval. But we will continue to monitor 737 MAX operations closely as the aircraft resumes service. “In parallel, and at our insistence, Boeing has also committed to work to enhance the aircraft still further in the medium term, in order to reach an even higher level of safety.” EASA has cited a number of safety improvements that mean the 737 Max is safe to fly again, including “a package of software upgrades, electrical working rework, maintenance checks, operations manual updates and crew training.” In addition to software modifications, the regulator has stated that each plane must undergo a test flight with no passengers to check the upgrades work correctly. The EU approval comes days after a former senior manager at Boeing's 737 plant in Seattle published a report that claimed the model was “still not fixed.” Ed Pierson stated that production quality problems at Boeing’s factory still need to be investigated. The company has rejected his claims. For its part, EASA states that the safety assessment was carried out in "full independence of Boeing or the Federal Aviation Administration and without any economic or political pressure." The regulator added: "We carried out our own flight tests and simulator sessions and did not rely on others to do this for us.” Following Brexit, the aircraft will have to get the green light from the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), before it can return to British skies. Some EU states will also have to remove their own grounding notices before airlines can put the planes back into service. The jet was cleared to operate in the United States back in December, initially flying between Miami and New York. It has also been in operation on domestic routes in Brazil and has been given the go-ahead by regulators in Canada. Boeing has received more than 4,000 orders in total for 737 MAX planes, with Europe’s biggest budget airline, Ryanair, expecting 135 (with an option for a further 75). The first are due to be delivered early this year.
Gabrielle Korn has always had a knack for asking the most incisive questions. This was true during her two stints at Refinery29, where she was most recently — until August 2020 — our (beloved) director of fashion and culture. It was also true when she was editor-in-chief at NYLON, where she was the youngest and first queer woman to hold the position. And now it’s true in her new book Everybody (Else) Is Perfect: How I Survived Hypocrisy, Beauty, Clicks, and Likes. In the memoir, Korn uses her own personal and professional experiences to highlight and comment on the many hypocrisies that exist in women’s media, which often positions itself as “woke” while continuing to uphold belief systems that work against the people they claim to want to uplift. Korn’s essays are intensely personal, and she never hesitates to explore those uncomfortable moments that all too often remain unspoken. The following excerpt was adapted from a chapter in which she discusses her anorexia and grapples with the question: Can I be a “good feminist” and have an eating disorder? — Molly Longman DashDividers_1_500x100 It was June 2017, a precious time of year in New York City when the heat has yet to vaporise the garbage juice, so the air still smells like pollen and possibility. I was on a third date with Wallace, a friend who had recently admitted to sharing the crush I’d had on her since we met a few years earlier. Because we’d been casual friends for so many years before, we’d quickly fallen into tell-each-other-everything territory, and I was going full speed ahead, divulging all the gory details of a breakup with a woman I’d been with for a year. Maybe it’s because I’d had two negronis, but I then found myself admitting a detail to Wallace that I had only recently begun to say out loud: “It got complicated because I had taken a little break from food.” I said it casually, like I was kind of joking, not wanting to sound dramatic. Everyone else so far had regarded this admission with alarm, which was annoying, or skepticism, which was more annoying. Wallace, though, matched my tone. “Oh yeah?” she said. “That’s no good. You kind of need food.” “Yeah,” I laughed, relieved. “As it turns out, you really do need to eat things.” No one really knew: I was about three months into recovery from what I was told was anorexia. DashDividers_1_500x100 It’s estimated that between 1.25 and 3.4 million people in the UK have an eating disorder. Meanwhile, it’s also estimated that more than 70 percent of them won’t seek treatment because of stigma. This statistic feels especially prescient: In this golden age of female empowerment, we aren’t supposed to have eating disorders anymore. It’s not cool to hate your body. Women, and especially women within the public eye, are obligated to promote a message of self-love, to put all our cellulite and wrinkles and rolls out there proudly. Culturally, we’re all about “wellness” and redefining it on our own terms. And yet, studies show that eating disorder rates continue to rise. I’ve moved in and out of periods of disordered eating for as long as I can remember, though I can never tell it’s happening until I’m on the other side. When you admit to having an eating disorder, you’re also admitting that you’re body negative in an aggressively body-positive world. You’ve prioritised impossible beauty standards over your own health. And ultimately — despite your feminist politics — you’ve internalised the patriarchy. The misogyny that says women need to be skinny has infiltrated your brain until you believe it, until it feels like it’s a belief system you organically hold. It’s oppression at its most sinister: so pervasive that it becomes part of you. By starving yourself, or making yourself throw up, or otherwise doing whatever you can to keep your body small, you are in effect working to uphold the values of a system built on keeping you down. That is, at least, what I told myself, what I punished myself with, and what many others do, too; I think it’s probably why many people don’t want to talk about their eating disorders in today’s world, which can feel built on surface-level feminism depending on what bubble you live in. For me, saying it out loud was nothing short of devastating, especially because a huge part of my mission had been to help young women expunge patriarchy both from their own minds and their communities. It felt like admitting weakness: I was trying so hard to be the picture-perfect empowered millennial woman, but I had gotten stuck on the “picture perfect” part. In our newly woke world of marketing based on “positivity,” the blame is once again placed on women — but this time, it’s not our bodies that are wrong; it’s our feelings about our bodies. And my feelings about my body were definitely wrong, creating a vortex of shame. DashDividers_1_500x100 I’d been in therapy for years without bringing up my on-again, off-again eating habits. I didn’t want to tell my therapist about it, because I didn’t want to stop — I liked having that kind of control over my body. I also didn’t really think it was that big of a deal. When I finally told her, she was alarmed, and convinced me to see a doctor so we could determine how severe it was based on test results. She sent me to a physician who specialised in eating disorders in adolescent girls. The day before I went, I wondered if I should eat more so that she wouldn’t think I had a problem, or if I should eat less so that she would take me seriously. I went alone, not wanting to burden anyone with what felt like a self-imposed disaster. The doctor diagnosed me with anorexia quickly. I was mortified but also relieved; I was exhausted from being hungry all the time, and now there was a professional telling me I needed to eat more, or else. There was also something so soothing about having someone tell me what I had to do — I had been making my whole life up as I went, including how I took care of myself, and she lifted the burden. There were, in fact, rules to follow in order to stay alive; I actually couldn’t just go without eating indefinitely. Years of therapy have clarified for me the connection between my relationship to food and my coping mechanisms, or rather my lack thereof. Being skinny was a weapon, a strategy, a safety net. Trying to lose weight was a convenient way to distract myself from what was really going on. It was, maybe most importantly, a secret so easy to deny because there was so much evidence to the contrary: my work, for one. Being gay came in a close second. Queer people are so inclusive, so all about supporting all kinds of bodies— right? Socially, I was part of a world where fatness had been reclaimed. Queer fat femmes and butches were lavished with as much positive attention as everyone else. They were celebrated. And I celebrated them, too. I just didn’t think my own body could be included. After a round of blood tests on that first visit, the doctor called me and said that I needed to change my lifestyle in order to not do permanent damage to my body. All my results were low; my estradiol was so minimal that I was barely getting my period. She also explained that based on how low my T3, or triiodothyronine, levels were, it would take a full two years for my brain to fully recover. T3, she told me, comes from good fats and lines your brain; it makes your synapses connect. Low T3 is a symptom of starvation. It’s why it’s hard to think when you’re hungry. This was the first piece of scare-tactic information that truly got to me. I drew the line at a decline in mental capacity. The doctor told me the good news was I’d be able to recover fully as long as I started eating again. Eventually, I did, slowly at first, working with a nutritionist to get back up to three meals a day, then adding snacks, then making sure that every meal was well-rounded and satisfying. The doctor didn’t take health insurance, and my plan didn’t cover my diagnosis in the acceptable out-of-network expenses, so my first visit was $800, my follow-up was $400, and my third visit was another $800; the nutritionist was $150/week, as was my therapist. I couldn’t afford both regular doctor visits and the weekly therapist and nutritionist, which was extra motivation to follow the plan they created for me: I hated the thought that my hard-earned salary was all going to treatment. It felt like failure. So I stopped seeing the eating disorder doctor after three visits and stuck with the therapist and nutritionist. I had to relearn how to put meals together, which was humiliating but also incredibly helpful. I surrendered completely to professional care, understanding that my own ideas about health and food were no longer trustworthy. After outsourcing all my various issues to professionals around Manhattan, I managed to finally feel like I wasn’t living from crisis to crisis; I could approach food as something I needed to feel good, not the other way around. DashDividers_1_500x100 It’s not hard to imagine why women might hate their bodies when our place in the world is so often determined by them, and when so few people actually occupy that highly glorified yet rarely lived place of ultra-thin/straight/white/cisgender privilege. Despite being the majority, plus-size women are discriminated against and often publicly shamed for their appearance, which affects everything from access to effective healthcare to employment to travel to shopping. But thin women, in my experience, balk at admitting to being a privileged category, especially thin white women. I wonder if it’s because they’re punishing themselves so much to maintain that skinniness that the suffering feels louder than any societal benefit they encounter. But that’s a pretty naive way to experience the world, indicative of a privilege so ingrained you hardly realise it’s there. It also seems entirely possible that the panic to remain thin stems from a fear of losing that privilege — a maybe subconscious admittance. A so-called good feminist in today’s world thinks that bodies in their natural state — cellulite, rolls, stretch marks, and all — are perfect. It’s almost like someone forgot to tell us to include ourselves. Or maybe we’re so used to hating the things that we’re suddenly supposed to celebrate that it’s simply easier to start with everyone else. Copyright 2021 by Gabrielle Korn. From Everybody (Else) Is Perfect: How I Survived Hypocrisy, Beauty, Clicks, and Likes by Gabrielle Korn, published by Atria Books, a Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Adapted and printed by permission. If you are struggling with an eating disorder, please call Beat on 0808 801 0677. Support and information is available 365 days a year. Like what you see? How about some more R29 goodness, right here?Did The Racial Trauma of 2020 F*ck With Your Body?In Quarantine, Confronting My Eating DisorderHow To Respond To Body Shaming
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When your skin is acting up, you tend to blame the most obvious culprit — which, in the year 2021, is your face mask. While the once-novel maskne has grown into a commonplace buzzword, it’s helpful to remember that mandated face coverings are not solely responsible for whatever skin concerns you’re currently facing. Yes, you’re covering your skin with a piece of cloth every time you leave your house, but there’s more going on: You could be dehydrated, overtired, dealing with a change in weather or routine, or stressed out… or any combination thereof. You don’t necessarily need a Zoom call with your derm to determine the singular root cause of your pimples, rosacea, and blackhead congestion — because there’s likely a slew of contributing factors — but there’s one potential solution that you may be sleeping on: probiotics. First, it’s important to have a baseline understanding of probiotics and how they function on the skin. “Our skin is home to millions of bacteria, fungi, and viruses that comprise its microbiota,” explains dermatologist Hadley King, MD. “The microbes on the skin impact the way it looks and feels, and its ability to serve as a barrier between your body and the outside world. A healthy, balanced microbiome will act as a barrier to allergens and environmental toxins, and manage the skin’s inflammatory response.” Because the microbiome exists at a cellular level, it can be difficult to know when there’s a bacterial imbalance, but it can happen pretty easily. “Sometimes products like retinoids and benzoyl peroxide can actually imbalance our skin’s pH and throw off the microbiome,” says licensed aesthetician Andrea McCollough. “Then things like stress, chronic inflammation — and now, the heat of your breath under a mask — can also impact our skin’s microbiome and its functionality.” So, really, if you have any kind of inflammatory skin response like rosacea, eczema, or acne, it may be a red flag that there’s something off with your skin’s microbiome. “When the microbial balance is disturbed, you may not see a noticeable difference at first,” says Dr. King. “But the microbiome will function less effectively over time, offering less support to the skin, which may increase the likelihood of inflammatory conditions like eczema and acne.” Here’s where implementing topical probiotics may be something worth considering. “Early lab studies suggest that topical probiotics may regulate the skin’s microbiome and restore barrier function,” says Dr. King. “They will help strengthen the skin’s natural ability to defend itself by forming a type of protective shield on the skin’s surface. This makes the skin more resistant to damage from environmental stressors, and may be helpful for preventing maskne.” What’s more, says Antonia Knox, brand manager of Aurelia Probiotic Skincare, there’s really no downside to adding topical probiotics into your existing skincare routine. “In my experience, probiotic skin care works for everyone,” she says. “Even if you’re not in the position to overhaul everything you’re using, you can start with one product, like our Probiotic Concentrate, and insert it into your routine by mixing it with your facial oil, serum, or moisturiser.” With a little bit of help from probiotics, your maskne flareups could all but disappear — and all you’ve done is simply boosted your skin’s natural protective functions. Refinery29’s selection is purely editorial and independently chosen – we only feature items we love! As part of our business model we do work with affiliates; if you directly purchase something from a link on this article, we may earn a small amount of commission. Transparency is important to us at Refinery29, if you have any questions please reach out to us. Like what you see? How about some more R29 goodness, right here?A Week's Worth Of Skincare With A Goop EditorFollowing These 6 Rules Has Transformed My Skin3 Smart Skincare Tweaks To Make This Winter
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